Peridynamic modeling of delaminations in laminated composite beams using refined zigzag theory

This study aims to model delaminations in laminated composite beams by using the PeriDynamic Differential Operator (PDDO) and Refined Zigzag Theory (RZT). A cohesive zone is employed monitor delamination evolvement embedding an interfacial resin layer between two potentially separable material layers. PDDO calculates local derivatives their nonlocal forms produces highly accurate predictions for solution of differential equations. RZT eliminates consideration shear correction factors paves way modeling both thin thick laminates. enables computationally efficient analyses since it considers a constant number kinematic variables regardless layers beam. The principle virtual work derive governing equations boundary conditions RZT. calculation transverse normal stresses at critical locations plays important role event. Therefore, this approach promising analysis beams. present performs integration approximation derivatives; hence, reduces undesirable localized stress peaks. It was demonstrated that successfully captured deformation fields as well onset